The
592d's "Inland Navy" should not be forgotten in recalling those days on
Luzon. "Laguna de Bay" is a large freshwater lake lying southwestward of
Manila Bay with which it is connected by the Pasig River. This lake was
the center of operations for two units of the 592d. The southern part of
Laguna de Bay was under the control of General Griswold's XIV Corps. After
attempts to clean out the Japs from the shores and islands of the lake
proved difficult by land, the 592d were called upon to supply an "inland
Navy." Pontoon bridges across the Pasig River prevented the entrance of
even small boats, so the LCVPs chosen for the operation had to be taken
overland on huge trailers and launched in the lake. 1st Lieutenant James
Amory of Hilton, Virginia had six LCVPs operating under XIV Corps while
1st Lieutenant Albert Gappelli of Providence, Rhode Island, had four LCVPs
in operation under General Swift's XI Corps. Both detachments did
invaluable work running patrols and combat missions to various points
around the shores and on the islands of Laguna de Bay.
In March
of 1945 a task group was organized to move to Batangas on Southern Luzon
to help establish a new base. This group consisted of Company C that was
at Nasugbu and Company E that was stationed at Subic Bay. The task group
was under the command of Major Rex K. Shaul. Company E with Major Shaul
left Rifle-range Beach and proceeded to Nasugbu where they rested for a
few days prior to moving on to Batangas. When the whole group finally
arrived at their destination, work was started once again. The Boat
Company provided lighterage and ran some combat missions while the shore
company constructed roads and supply dumps. 1st Lieutenant John Kentzel of
San Francisco, California, earned undying fame at Batangas in his position
as labor king and mayor of the town.
By the
middle of May most of the 592d Regiment had moved to the city of
Batangas-that "garden spot of the Philippines." Major Frank L. Mann had
left the regiment for assignment to the Amphibious Training Command and
his Subic Bay detachment of Companies A and F were once more back in the
regimental fold. Colonel Keyes returned to the United States for a
well-deserved rest and Lt Colonel Kaplan assumed command of the regiment.
For the first time in more than two years it looked as though the regiment
was in for a relatively long spell of inactivity, so Colonel Kaplan made
an all-out effort to make living conditions as pleasant as possible. In
preparation for the rainy season all tents were given bamboo floors and
frames, while drainage ditches and duck walks were laid throughout the
area. Clubs were constructed for both officers and enlisted men. Dances,
movies. And occasional USO shows provided them with adequate
entertainment.
But even
during this period of relative ease the 592d was not completely out of
action, because part of Company B was still conducting missions along the
southern shore of Luzon between Batangas and Legaspi. They had a
detachment at Guinayangan and from there made the first landing at Pasacao
after which re-supply missions were run between the two places. This
detachment moved back to Legaspi, but on the 15th of May moved again from
Legaspi to Mauban. After the fall of Manila portions of the Japanese Army
fighting there with a particularly large number of "attached" personnel
including Formosan and Korean slave laborers, retreated in a more or less
orderly fashion south and east into the mountains and rougher country
which offered better protection. Since there were no overland
roads, the best approach to these Jap remnants was by sea. This was a
made-to order job for the Amphibians. Part of Company B with their CMS
and a rocket boat were sent from Legaspi to perform it.
The
Japanese forces were holed up in the barren mountains south of Dilvgalen
Bay and were a mixture of Jap regulars with some Jap civilian workers and
a great many Formosan and Korean "slave" laborers. Our LCMs worked as far
north as Infanta, 300 miles up from Legaspi.
There
was good evidence that the non-military part of the enemy population
wanted to surrender but were held back by the military command. The 592d
found itself engaged for the first time in a new type of warfare -
psychological. This consisted of the installation of a high volume
loudspeaker on the side of an LCM which was to cruise up and down the
coast for a distance of about forty miles, going just as close to shore as
they safely could. From the barge an American Neisi interpreter talked to
the surrounded Japs. He urged them to surrender and explained just how it
could be accomplished. This novel idea could not be considered a
tremendous success for only a few women succumbed to the wiles of the
loudspeaker. In dealing with the Japs it seems that bullets speak louder
than words.
With the
completion of their fifteen combat landings and the retreat of the japs
into the hills, the 592d's job on Luzon was finished. What they had set
out to accomplish was done. Corregidor had been recaptured and Manila was
once again under American control. But the war was not yet over. Ahead of
the American Army lay their one last objective on the road to Tokyo - the
Imperial City itself.
Until
that invasion would take place, the 592d EBSR, Brigade Headquarters, and
the 287th Signal Company waited on Luzon; the 532d EBSR on Panay; the 542d
EBSR on Cebu; and still on Leyte the remaining elements of the brigade
including the Quartermaster Headquarters and Headquarters Company, the
162d Ordnance Maintenance Company, the 262d Medical Battalion, and the
562d Engineer Boat Maintenance Battalion. Everyone wondered what would
happen next.
Men of Regimental Headquarters, 592
EBSR.
Batangas, Luzon, P.I. May 1945
Officers of the 592 Engineer Boat and Shore
Regiment.
Batangas, Luzon, Philippine Islands. May 1945.